What term means addressing behavior promptly and close to when it occurs?

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Immediacy refers to addressing behavior promptly and close to when it occurs. When feedback or a consequence follows a behavior quickly, students clearly see the link between what they did and what happened as a result. This tight timing strengthens learning and helps them adjust their actions more effectively than if the response were delayed. For example, a quick, calm reminder right after a student speaks out of turn reinforces the expected classroom behavior and reduces the chance that the misbehavior will recur.

This approach also supports consistent expectations, because responses are tied to actions in the moment, making the cause-and-effect relationship clear. The other terms focus on different aspects—setting high behavioral expectations relates to what is required, positive expectancy to beliefs about outcomes, and six models of discipline to a broader framework—where timing in response is the specific feature captured by immediacy.