Which competitive federal grant program incentivized states to adopt reforms such as data-driven instruction, teacher evaluation systems, and common standards?

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Race to the Top was a competitive federal grant program designed to push states to undertake significant education reforms. Funded as part of the 2009 stimulus, it offered grants to states that committed to key changes: creating robust data systems to track student progress, establishing teacher and principal evaluation systems tied to student outcomes, and adopting common standards and aligned assessments. By tying federal funds to these reforms, it encouraged states to move toward data-driven instruction and stronger accountability, rather than relying on mandates alone. The other options describe standards or laws (not a competitive grants program that incentivized these reforms), so this program best matches the described incentive.